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Water-soluble vitamin A does not bioaccumulate in the liver as the typical fat-soluble form does. There is no question that, when taken in excess, fat-soluble vitamins can accumulate in tissues and cause symptoms of toxicity. It fights infection and supports the immune system right along with zinc lozenges, vitamin C and echinacea. The late nutrition pioneer, Carlton Fredericks, Ph.D., recommended single doses of vitamin A as high as 200,000 IU for three to five days to stop the onset of a cold. Since vitamin A is important for the body's first line of defense, the mucous membrane, it may well be the anti-infective vitamin of choice. Preformed vitamin A delivers the desired dosage more reliably; it is found naturally in foods such as yellow and dark-green vegetables, fruits, dairy foods, eggs and cod liver oil. Toxicity symptoms include chapped lips, dry skin, headache, fatigue, emotion swings and muscle or joint pain. |
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