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Phosphatidylserine (PS) belongs to a group of fat-soluble substances called phospholipids, which are essential components of cell membranes. PS is found in high concentrations in the brain. Phosphatidylserine is not an essential nutrient, and therefore dietary deficiencies do not occur. Phosphatidylserine is found in only trace amounts in a typical diet; very small amounts are present in lecithin. The body manufactures PS from phospholipid building blocks. PS may be derived from soy or bovine sources, but concerns about the possibility of humans contracting infectious diseases such as Creutzfeld-Jakob ("mad cow") disease mean that bovine PS is not available in the United States.
Soy- and bovine-derived PS are not structurally identical, but it is not known at the time of writing whether these differences are significant.
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