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Infection with Cyclospora cayetanensis or Cryptosporidium parvum from travel to Nepal or St. Petersburg (Leningrad) respectively, are illustrative. Attapulgite binds water, as a result of which stools are better formed. Novel antisecretory compounds, which improve diarrhea through more physiologic mechanisms than do currently-available agents, are in development and may become an important part of therapy in the future. Careful history and physical examination can determine the likely cause of most chronic diarrhea and direct subsequent diagnostic evaluation and treatment. A latex agglutination test for the neutrophil enzyme, lactoferrin, is of proven value for detecting neutrophils in acute infectious diarrheas and in pseudomembranous colitis.
Laxative screening includes tests for magnesium, phosphate and sulfate in stool water or urine. |
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