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Bruising is an area of discolored skin that develops when the lining of small blood vessels is damaged, allowing blood cells to escape into the skin and tissues. A bruise generally starts out as a pinkish-red area or as tiny red dots or blotches on the skin. Some cases of bruising may be prevented or reduced if the cause is eliminated, such as replacing vitamins in someone who has vitamin deficiency. See a doctor if...- Rarely, there will be a feeling of extreme pressure in a bruised area, especially if it is large or very painful. This may be due to a condition known as compartment syndrome. Increased pressure on the soft tissues and structures beneath the skin can decrease the supply of vital blood and oxygen to the tissues. This is potentially life-threatening and you should receive emergency care promptly; surgery frequently needs to be performed to relieve the extreme buildup of pressure.
- You are bruising spontaneously without any injury, fall, or other cause.
- There are signs of infection around the bruised area such as streaks of redness, pus or other drainage, or fever.
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